Wikipedia

Şarê İrankiyê antiki

Şarê İrankiyê antiki, şarê ke gruba zıwananê Hind-Ewropa ra zıwananê İranki ra qal kerdê, nameyê inano. Enê şari verê İsayi hezar serra peyêne ra heta İsayi ra dıme hezar serra dıyıne weşiya xo ramıta.[1] Şarê İrankiyê kıhan û neweyi kışta rıçıki ra vêşêri resenê Proto-İrankiyan û nê şaran tek teyna yew zıwan qal kerdêne. Proto-İrankiyi zi resenê Proto-İranıc-Aryanan, yanê tiya Aryan semedê şaranê Hindê kıhanan vaciyenê. Heme enê grubi wayirê kulturê do yeksani biyi.[2]

Nameyê şaranê İranki raveri qeydanê Asuri de verênê û enê qeydi verê İsayi seserra newıne (9.) de vıraziyayi. Şarê İranki no dem de dı letê Asya de weşiya xo ramıtêne, yewê enê letan İskıtiya biya ke no ca ewro gıneno ro miyanê Asya, rocvetışê Ewropa, nêmadeyê Balkani, zımeyê Kofkasya. Leteo bin zi verocê Deryayê Xezeri û İran biyo.

Şarê İranki no dem de bırriyayi a û biy dı lızgeyi, İrankiyê Rocawani û İrankiyê Rocvetışi. Nê dı lızgeyi zi gınenê ro herranê İskıtya û Persiya, yanê İrano ewroyên. Şarê İrankiyê nê demi nêyê; wareyê İrani sero Parti, Baxteri, Medi û Farsi û rocvetışê Ewropa, Macarıstan, zımeyê Deryayê Siyayi û miyanê Asya sero İskıti, Sermeti, Kimmeri, Alani.[3] Enê şaranê İrankiyan zıwanê piyê zıwananê İrankiyanê ewroyêni qal kerdêne. Nê zıwani game be game vurriyayi û çarniyayi era zıwanê İrankiyê neweyi.[4]

Şarê İrankiyê kıhani (antiki)

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Şarê İrankiyê antiki ke Ewısta de verênê[5]

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  • Airyayi
  • Ahiryayi
  • Dahiyi (zey piyê Dahae ya zi Dasa vêniyenê)
  • Sainuyi
  • Sairi
  • Tuiri
  • Turanıci[6][7][8] - yew mıletê İraknkiyo kıhan, herranê inan rê Turan vaciyao, no Turan dıme ra zımey İrani ra vaciyao u mena xo kerda vıni u caê ke klananê Tırki vıstê xo desti rê vaciyao ama kışta rıçıki ra vatış ê İrankiyo.[9]
  • Yaşiti

Şarê İrankiyê rocvetışi

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Xeritaya 6ıne: Asya, verê İsayi serra 323yıne, Şarê İrankiyê ke Asya û Ewropa de nıştêne ro.
 
Xeritaya 7ıne: Şarê İrankiyê kıhani: İskıti, Sermeti û Sakayi (miyanê Asya û rocvetışê Ewropa de asenê) seserra 900 V.İ. - 200 D.İ.
 
Xeritaya 8ıne: Konfederasyonê klananê Dahae.
 
Xeritaya 9ıne: Roxolani, Siraces û Aorsi verê İsayi seserra çeharıne de.
 
Xeritaya 10ıne: Goçê Alanan demê goçi de.
 
Xeritaya 11ıne: Iazyge rocawanê wılayetê Dakyaya İmperatoriya Roma, naca ewro gıneno ro Alföldê Macarıstani.

Referansi

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  1. ↑ Izady, Mehrdad R. "PERSIAN CARROT AND TURKISH STICK: Contrasting Policies Targeted at Gaining State Loyalty from Azeris and Kurds*." The International Journal of Kurdish Studies 3.2 (1989): 31.
  2. ↑ Mallory, J.P.; Douglas Q. Adams (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
  3. ↑ Mallory, J.P.; Douglas Q. Adams (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5.
  4. ↑ Mallory, J.P.; Douglas Q. Adams (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5.
  5. ↑ Gnoli, Gherardo (1980). Zoroaster's Time and Homeland. Naples: Instituto Univ. Orientale. OCLC 07307436. Iranian tribes that also keep on recurring in the Yasht, Airyas, Tuiryas, Sairimas, Sainus and Dahis
  6. ↑ Allworth, Edward A. (1994). Central Asia: A Historical Overview. Duke University Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-8223-1521-6.
  7. ↑ Diakonoff, I. M. (1999). The Paths of History. Cambridge University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-521-64348-1. Turan was one of the nomadic Iranian tribes mentioned in the Avesta. However, in Firdousi’s poem, and in the later Iranian tradition generally, the term Turan is perceived as denoting 'lands inhabited by Turkic speaking tribes.
  8. ↑ Gnoli, Gherardo (1980). Zoroaster's Time and Homeland. Naples: Instituto Univ. Orientale. OCLC 07307436. Iranian tribes that also keep on recurring in the Yasht, Airyas, Tuiryas, Sairimas, Sainus and Dahis
  9. ↑ Diakonoff, I. M. (1999). The Paths of History. Cambridge University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-521-64348-1. Turan was one of the nomadic Iranian tribes mentioned in the Avesta. However, in Firdousi’s poem, and in the later Iranian tradition generally, the term Turan is perceived as denoting 'lands inhabited by Turkic speaking tribes.
  10. ↑ Simpson, St John (2017). "The Scythians. Discovering the Nomad-Warriors of Siberia". Current World Archaeology. 84: 16–21. "nomadic people made up of many different tribes thrived across a vast region that stretched from the borders of northern China and Mongolia, through southern Siberia and northern Kazakhstan, as far as the northern reaches of the Black Sea. Collectively they were known by their Greek name: the Scythians. They spoke Iranian languages..."
  11. ↑ Royal Museums of Art and History (2000). Ancient Nomads of the Altai Mountains: Belgian-Russian Multidisciplinary Archaeological Research on the Scytho-Siberian Culture. "The Achaemenids called the Scythians “ Saka ” which sometimes leads to confusion in the literature. The term “ Scythians ” is particularly used for the representatives of this culture who lived in the European part of the steppe zone. Those who lived in Central Asia are often called Sauromates or Saka and in the Altai area, they are generally known as Scytho-Siberians."
  12. ↑ Dandamayev 1994, p. 37 "In modern scholarship the name 'Sakas' is reserved for the ancient tribes of northern and eastern Central Asia and Eastern Turkestan to distinguish them from the related Massagetae of the Aral region and the Scythians of the Pontic steppes. These tribes spoke Iranian languages, and their chief occupation was nomadic pastoralism."
  13. ↑ Mallory, J.P.; Douglas Q. Adams (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5.
  14. ↑ Golden 2009.
  15. ↑ Abaev & Bailey 1985, pp. 801–803.
  16. ↑ Alemany 2000, p. 3.
  17. ↑ Mayer, Antun (April 1935). "Iasi". Journal of the Zagreb Archaeological Museum (Zagreb, Croatia: Archaeological Museum) 16 (1). ISSN 0350-7165 . http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=76831&lang=en. 
  18. ↑ Schejbal, Berislav (2004). "Municipium Iasorum (Aquae Balissae)". Situla - Dissertationes Musei Nationalis Sloveniae (Ljubljana, Slovenia: National Museum of Slovenia) 2: 99–129. ISSN 0583-4554 . http://bib.irb.hr/prikazi-rad?&lang=en&rad=235573. 
  19. ↑ Ammianus XVII.13.1
  20. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=ijJ4o2iorhkC&q=Royal+Sarmatians&pg=PA122
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